{"id":85123,"date":"2022-06-13T13:02:17","date_gmt":"2022-06-13T17:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.genealogybank.com\/?p=85123"},"modified":"2022-06-13T13:03:17","modified_gmt":"2022-06-13T17:03:17","slug":"genealogy-tip-grave-guards-at-cemeteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/genealogy-tip-grave-guards-at-cemeteries.html","title":{"rendered":"Genealogy Tip: \u2018Grave Guards\u2019 at Cemeteries"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Introduction:<\/em><\/strong><em> In this article, Gena Philibert-Ortega writes about a feature you may find at your ancestor\u2019s gravesite: grave guards, or enclosures, protecting the grave. Gena is a genealogist and author of the book \u201cFrom the Family Kitchen.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>When we think of cemeteries and genealogy we concentrate on the ancestor\u2019s headstone because that\u2019s where the information we need (name, birth and death date) are found. But have you considered other elements of the burial location as you study your ancestor\u2019s death and final resting place?<\/p>\n<p>Where the deceased is buried may provide information about their associations and memberships (church, veteran, or fraternal lodge cemetery, for example). Items adhered to or placed next to the headstone might provide clues to lineage society membership or military service.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85127\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85127\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85127\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: steel fence grave guard advertisement from the Weekly Florists\u2019 Review, 28 March 1912, page 147. Credit: Internet Archive.\" width=\"850\" height=\"578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard.jpg 850w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard-768x522.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85127\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: steel fence grave guard advertisement from the Weekly Florists\u2019 Review, 28 March 1912, page 147. Credit: Internet Archive.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>When a family purchased a burial coffin and headstone, they could have added additional items such as stone vases, statuary, and benches, as well as protective elements referred to as \u201cgrave guards\u201d or \u201cgrave protectors.\u201d In addition, cemetery lot or grave fencing might have enclosed one or more graves. (1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Isn\u2019t a Headstone Enough?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Why did families feel the need to add a grave guard to their loved one\u2019s burial? Actually, after searching historical newspapers, magazines, and catalogs, I found that the reasons given were varied \u2013 but they boiled down to protection from the elements (rain, flooding), people, or animals.<\/p>\n<p>Grave guards also provided an additional decorative element at a time when garden cemeteries were a place of beauty, and living family members spent time in these park-like settings. But grave guards and fencing were also important in rustic cemeteries where animals, both domestic and wild, were an issue.<\/p>\n<p>Why did families pay extra to erect a grave guard or fence? Reasons I found in my research were:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Keep children from picking flowers on the burial site<\/li>\n<li>Keep people away from the burial site<\/li>\n<li>Keep animals from digging up the grave<\/li>\n<li>Keep dogs and cats and other animals off the grave<\/li>\n<li>Maintain mound shape<\/li>\n<li>To enclose landscaping provided by family<\/li>\n<li>Provide a decorative element on its own or to include the headstone\/footstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bereaved families could purchase grave guards through metal, wire, and stone manufacturer catalogs, local retailers, and yes, even the Sears catalog. It\u2019s also possible families created something similar with fencing made out of wood or pipes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85131\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85131\" style=\"width: 464px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-sears-catalog-grave-guard.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85131\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-sears-catalog-grave-guard.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: advertisement for grave guards from the 1906 Sears, Roebuck &amp; Co. catalog. Credit: Internet Archive.\" width=\"464\" height=\"477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-sears-catalog-grave-guard.jpg 464w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-sears-catalog-grave-guard-292x300.jpg 292w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85131\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: advertisement for grave guards from the 1906 Sears, Roebuck &amp; Co. catalog. Credit: Internet Archive.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Newspaper advertisements for grave guards can be found starting in the 1870s. Manufacturers of grave guards also sold other non-cemetery products to the community, such as fencing and statuary.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85133\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85133\" style=\"width: 468px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/doc\/newspapers\/image\/v2%3A12FB09EB6EFEE822%40GB3NEWS-11B12DEE350FADE0%402406254-11B0C7823744E918%405-120D1FC2B9E99E31\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85133\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/st.-albans-messenger-newspaper-1231-1875-monuments-ad.jpg\" alt=\"An article about cemetery monuments, St. Albans Messenger newspaper article 31 December 1875\" width=\"468\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/st.-albans-messenger-newspaper-1231-1875-monuments-ad.jpg 468w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/st.-albans-messenger-newspaper-1231-1875-monuments-ad-209x300.jpg 209w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85133\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">St. Albans Messenger (St. Albans, Vermont), 31 December 1875, page 6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A search of patents provides an idea of some of the various designs available. Patents for grave guards were still being submitted into the first decades of the 20th century. You can see various improvements to the basic grave guard by searching <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?as_sdt=2007&amp;q=%22grave+guard%22&amp;hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google Scholar<\/a> using the key words \u201cgrave guard.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85135\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85135\" style=\"width: 518px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard-patent.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85135\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard-patent.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: patent for a grave guard awarded to Alford Gent on 16 May 1882. Credit: Google Patents.\" width=\"518\" height=\"635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard-patent.jpg 518w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-grave-guard-patent-245x300.jpg 245w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85135\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: patent for a grave guard awarded to Alford Gent on 16 May 1882. Credit: Google Patents.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Descriptions and Types<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Stone and fencing manufacturers made cemetery lot fencing and grave guards. One manufacturer, Amos Rank &amp; Co. from Salem, Ohio, described its products this way: \u201cRank\u2019s Patent Grave-guards are intended for guarding the graves, also for the receptable of head and foot stones. They are made of metal, cast in suitable molds, painted or enameled, as may be ordered, of different styles and sizes.\u201d (2)<\/p>\n<p>Here is a newspaper advertisement for Rank\u2019s grave guards.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85137\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85137\" style=\"width: 412px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/doc\/newspapers\/image\/v2%3A16A0C1CE267C31E7%40GB3NEWS-16617F6D2E714B8D%402406049-16617F8D31307D7A%403-16617F8D31307D7A\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85137\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/clarion-newspaper-0609-1875-grave-guard-ad.jpg\" alt=\"An article about grave guards, Clarion newspaper article 9 June 1875\" width=\"412\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/clarion-newspaper-0609-1875-grave-guard-ad.jpg 412w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/clarion-newspaper-0609-1875-grave-guard-ad-300x287.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 412px) 100vw, 412px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85137\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clarion (Jackson, Mississippi), 9 June 1875, page 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The Smithsonian blog <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.library.si.edu\/blog\/category\/homepage\/#.YqdReOzMLIU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unbound<\/a> provides some images of Rank\u2019s catalogs and explains that:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cRank\u2019s Grave Guards protected the grave, gave it symmetry, and helped to keep the headstone and footstone standing upright. It consisted of a low wall surrounding the burial mound. At either end, there were standard-sized rectangular slots to place the headstone and footstone in securely.\u201d (3)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>As you explore older cemeteries you may find examples of these \u2013 or what\u2019s left of some of the designs. Some of the fencing included trellises to hold hanging plants or vines. In some cases, the grave guard has an open element in the middle for planting flowers, grass, or other plants. Not all grave guards include a cut-out for the headstone and footstone, but you may see this as well.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85139\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85139\" style=\"width: 601px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-lahaina-cemetery.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85139\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-lahaina-cemetery.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Lahaina Cemetery, Hawaii. Credit: Gena Philibert-Ortega.\" width=\"601\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-lahaina-cemetery.jpg 601w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-lahaina-cemetery-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85139\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Lahaina Cemetery, Hawaii. Credit: Gena Philibert-Ortega.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Cemetery Fashion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Over time, perhaps by the mid-twentieth century, the use of these grave enclosures appears to have fallen out of favor. Some cemeteries banned them outright, and public discussion over the \u201clook\u201d of cemeteries included discussion of fences and grave guards.<\/p>\n<p>This 1913 Ashland, Oregon, newspaper column discusses how cemeteries could be beautified, stating:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cInclosures [sic] around burial lots, grave guards and trellises should be considered useless encumbrances, and should therefore be forbidden.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_85141\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-85141\" style=\"width: 604px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/doc\/newspapers\/image\/v2%3A16A0C28AD2B7CE66%40GB3NEWS-164FAD62A9A92C2B%402420089-164FAD8AA8F3D980%406-164FAD8AA8F3D980\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-85141\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ashland-daily-tidings-newspaper-1117-1913-cemeteries.jpg\" alt=\"An article about cemeteries, Ashland Daily Tidings newspaper article 17 November 1913\" width=\"604\" height=\"705\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ashland-daily-tidings-newspaper-1117-1913-cemeteries.jpg 604w, https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ashland-daily-tidings-newspaper-1117-1913-cemeteries-257x300.jpg 257w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-85141\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashland Daily Tidings (Ashland, Oregon), 17 November 1913, page 7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A search in GenealogyBank\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/explore\/newspapers\/all?utm_source=social&amp;utm_medium=blog&amp;utm_campaign=SM_Blog_txtlnk_2014_00&amp;s_referrer=social&amp;s_siteloc=blog&amp;s_trackval=SM_Blog_txtlnk_2014_00&amp;kbid=69919&amp;pq=1&amp;prebuy=no&amp;intver=&amp;CCPRODCODE=\">Historical Newspaper Archives<\/a> provided other examples of cemetery rules that aim at cemeteries keeping a consistent look, including the banning of grave guards and cemetery lot fencing. While grave guards aren\u2019t something our more recent family would have included in their final resting places, these older examples provide insight into the burials of our ancestors.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Note on the header image:<\/em><\/strong> photo of a grave guard at Julian Pioneer Cemetery, Julian, California. Credit: Gena Philibert-Ortega.<\/p>\n<p>________________<\/p>\n<p>(1) Researchers might be familiar with mortsafes that were used to protect graves from grave robbers in countries like Scotland. These heavy metal jail-like cages were put over burials and sometimes removed and reused. Their purpose was temporary, to deter grave robbers looking for new burials. While some grave guards would make grave robbery impossible, these were sold for other reasons and were decorative.<br \/>\n(2) \u201cOhio, the future great state, her manufacturers, and a history of her commercial cities, Cincinnati and Cleveland,\u201d available via FamilySearch Digital Library, p. 443 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/library\/books\/records\/item\/228563-ohio-the-future-great-state-her-manufacturers-and-a-history-of-her-commercial-cities-cincinnati-and-cleveland?viewer=1&amp;offset=10#page=527&amp;viewer=picture&amp;o=info&amp;n=0&amp;q=grave%20guards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/library\/books\/records\/item\/228563-ohio-the-future-great-state-her-manufacturers-and-a-history-of-her-commercial-cities-cincinnati-and-cleveland?viewer=1&amp;offset=10#page=527&amp;viewer=picture&amp;o=info&amp;n=0&amp;q=grave%20guards<\/a><br \/>\n(3) \u201cGuarding the Graves,\u201d Unbound (<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.library.si.edu\/blog\/2017\/10\/30\/guarding-the-graves\/#.Ya5gM9DMKUk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/blog.library.si.edu\/blog\/2017\/10\/30\/guarding-the-graves\/#.Ya5gM9DMKUk<\/a>: accessed 6 December 2021).<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Related Articles:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.genealogybank.com\/genealogy-dilemma-the-problem-with-cemeteries.html\">Genealogy Dilemma: The Problem with Cemeteries<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.genealogybank.com\/genealogy-tip-what-does-a-gravestone-tell-us.html\">Genealogy Tip: What Does a Gravestone Tell Us?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.genealogybank.com\/genealogy-tip-what-a-gravestone-tells-us-grave-markers.html\">Genealogy Tip: What a Gravestone Tells Us \u2013 Grave Markers<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.genealogybank.com\/genealogy-tip-reading-military-headstones.html\">Genealogy Tip: Reading Military Headstones<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.genealogybank.com\/genealogy-tip-what-to-do-when-there-is-no-gravestone.html\">Genealogy Tip: What to Do When There Is No Gravestone<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, Gena Philibert-Ortega writes about a feature you may find at your ancestor\u2019s gravesite: grave guards, or enclosures, protecting the grave.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":85149,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12713],"tags":[2585,2719,58185],"class_list":["post-85123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genealogy-research-tips","tag-cemeteries","tag-genealogy-search-tips","tag-grave-guards"],"acf":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/photo-0613-2022-featured-graphic-grave-guard.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85123"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85147,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85123\/revisions\/85147"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/85149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.genealogybank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}